Cutting and blanking of steel plate is an important link in steel plate processing, which involves many aspects, including preliminary preparation, cutting mode selection, cutting process control and subsequent treatment. The following is a detailed analysis of steel plate cutting and blanking:
Preparatory preparation
Design scheme: First of all, a reasonable design scheme is needed to define the shape, size and accuracy requirements of steel plate cutting. This is helpful to save materials to the greatest extent in the subsequent cutting process and ensure the quality of products.
Material inspection: the steel plate should be inspected and accepted by the quality department before discharging to ensure that all its indexes meet the corresponding provisions of national standards. At the same time, it is necessary to check the brand, thickness and surface quality of the steel plate. If the corrosion depth on the surface of the steel plate exceeds the negative deviation of the national standard steel plate, it is not allowed to be used in the product.
Equipment preparation: Cutting and blanking equipment mainly includes CNC flame cutting machine, CNC plasma cutting machine, straight cutting machine, semi-automatic cutting machine, etc. Before gas cutting, it is necessary to check whether the equipment and tools of the whole gas cutting system operate normally and ensure that they operate under safe conditions.
Selection of cutting mode
There are many ways to cut and blank steel plates, such as flame cutting, laser cutting, plasma cutting, shearing machine cutting and ultra-high pressure water cutting. Different cutting methods are suitable for different types of steel plates and different cutting requirements:
Flame cutting: suitable for cutting thick metal plates, it is an economical and effective means, but the heat affected zone is large and the thermal deformation is large.
Laser cutting: high precision and high speed, but the equipment is expensive and the cutting thickness is limited.
Plasma cutting: using the heat of high-temperature plasma arc to partially or partially melt the metal at the workpiece incision, and using the momentum of high-speed plasma to remove the molten metal to form the incision, which is suitable for cutting steel plates with various thicknesses.
Cutting by shearing machine: shearing force is applied to metal plate by moving upper blade and fixed lower blade, so that it can be broken and separated according to the required size, which is suitable for thinner steel plate.
Ultra-high pressure water cutting: using high pressure water to cut, suitable for fine cutting of various materials.
Cutting process control
Parameter adjustment: according to the thickness of steel plate and cutting method, adjust cutting parameters, such as cutting nozzle model, oxygen pressure, cutting speed and energy of preheating flame.
Cutting operation: In the cutting process, it is necessary to maintain the continuity and stability of cutting to avoid excessive burr and deformation. For thick plate cutting, the preheating flame should be large, the length of gas cutting gas flow should exceed 1/3 of the thickness of the workpiece, and the cutting nozzle and the surface of the workpiece have an inclination angle of about 10 ~ 20.
Prevention of deformation: when cutting workpieces with different sizes on the steel plate, small pieces should be cut first, and then large pieces should be cut; When cutting a narrow strip plate, both ends of the length should be kept at a certain distance, and then cut after cutting the long side.
Subsequent treatment
Polishing treatment: There may be burrs and unevenness on the edge of the cut steel plate, which needs polishing treatment to improve the product quality.
Waste recycling: the cut waste is classified, preserved and recycled to reduce production costs and improve resource utilization.
To sum up, steel plate cutting and blanking is a complex and delicate process, which requires comprehensive consideration of multiple factors to ensure cutting quality and production efficiency.
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